Eritrea is located in the Horn of Africa and is bordered by Djibouti, Ethiopia and Sudan. With about 121,000 km2 Eritrea is about as big as Austria and Switzerland. is The capital of Eritrea is Asmara. Eritrea is divided into the following six regions are divided into:
- Maekel (Asmara)
- Debub (Mendefera)
- Gash-Barka (Barentu)
- Anseba (Keren)
- Semienawi Kayih Bahri (Massawa)
- Debubawi Kayih Bahri (Assab
Currently life is about 6.4 million people in Eritrea. 80% of the Eritrean population are engaged in agriculture, while the other 20% are working in industry or the service sector. The population of Eritrea is divided officially in almost equal proportions in the population are Muslims (Sunni Muslims) and Christians (Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church, Protestants, Catholics, Orthodox). In spite of the very different views, and the resulting conflict potential of the population is a national unit. Eritrea has nine ethnic groups. The two largest ethnic groups are Tigrinya, with 50 % and Tigre 30%. The Eritrean people rises Nilotic, Cushitic, and Semitic origin. The nine languages of the nine largest ethnic groups are formally languages as equal national. These are Tigrinya, Tigre, Afar, Saho, Kunama, including human rights watch, Blin, Nara, and Arabic, which is spoken by the Rashaida as a mother language, and a number of other Eritreans as a second language.
The history of the country is characterized by changing of Colonial rule. Eritrea was ruled by the Ottomans, Egyptians and Italians. After the second world war, Eritrea, Ethiopia was annexed and was able to explain to a thirty-year war of independence with the neighbors its independence in 1991. Since 1991 Isaias Afewerki is the head of state.